euler/e026.py
2011-04-08 13:32:16 -04:00

97 lines
2.8 KiB
Python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Find the value of d < 1000 for which 1/d contains the longest recurring cycle.A unit fraction contains 1 in the numerator.
The decimal representation of the unit fractions with denominators 2 to 10 are given:
1/2 = 0.5
1/3 = 0.(3)
1/4 = 0.25
1/5 = 0.2
1/6 = 0.1(6)
1/7 = 0.(142857)
1/8 = 0.125
1/9 = 0.(1)
1/10 = 0.1
Where 0.1(6) means 0.166666..., and has a 1-digit recurring cycle. It can be seen that 1/7 has a 6-digit recurring cycle.
Find the value of d < 1000 for which 1/d contains the longest recurring cycle in its decimal fraction part.
"""
from decimal import Decimal
from e003 import pfactor
def coprime(a, b):
"""Are integers a and b coprime?"""
primes_a = pfactor(a)
primes_b = pfactor(b)
primes = [p for p in primes_a if p in primes_b]
return bool(primes)
def long_division(dividend, divisor):
dividend = str(dividend).replace('.', '')
i = -1
remainder = 0
while True:
while remainder < divisor:
i += 1
remainder *= 10
try:
remainder += int(dividend[i])
except:
pass
if remainder == 0:
return
digit = str(remainder // divisor)
remainder = remainder % divisor
yield digit, remainder
def get_cycle_length(numerator, denominator):
"""Determine the period length of a non-terminating decimal"""
length = None
numerator = Decimal(numerator)
denominator = Decimal(denominator)
if denominator == 1:
return 1
"""
From Wikipedia:
Terminating decimals represent rational numbers of the form
k/2^n5^m
However, a terminating decimal also has a representation as a
repeating decimal, obtained by decreasing the final (nonzero)
digit by one and appending an infinitely repeating sequence of
nines. 1 = 0.999999... and 1.585 = 1.584999999... are two
examples of this.
"""
if coprime(denominator, 10):
return 1
digits = []
for digit in long_division(numerator, denominator):
if digit in digits:
cycle = digits[digits.index(digit):]
return len(cycle)
digits.append(digit)
else:
raise Exception('Non-reciprocal period detection not yet implemented')
return length
def main():
MAX = 1000
longest_cycle = (0, 0)
for i in xrange((MAX), 1, -1):
# The period of 1/k for integer k is always <= k - 1
if longest_cycle[1] >= i:
break
cycle = get_cycle_length(1, i)
if longest_cycle[1] < cycle:
longest_cycle = (i, cycle)
(i, cycle) = longest_cycle
print 'Longest cycle length is', cycle, 'for i =', i
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()