rebar/src/rebar_port_compiler.erl

%% -*- tab-width: 4;erlang-indent-level: 4;indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
%% ex: ts=4 sw=4 et
%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
%%
%% rebar: Erlang Build Tools
%%
%% Copyright (c) 2009 Dave Smith (dizzyd@dizzyd.com)
%%
%% Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
%% of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
%% in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
%% to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
%% copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
%% furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
%%
%% The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
%% all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
%%
%% THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
%% IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
%% FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
%% AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
%% LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
%% OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
%% THE SOFTWARE.
%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
-module(rebar_port_compiler).

-export([compile/2,
         clean/2]).

-include("rebar.hrl").

%% ===================================================================
%% Public API
%% ===================================================================

%% Supported configuration variables:
%%
%% * port_sources - Erlang list of files and/or wildcard strings to be
%%                  compiled. Platform specific sources can be specified
%%                  by enclosing a string in a tuple of the form
%%                  {Regex, String} wherein Regex is a regular expression
%%                  that is checked against the system architecture.
%%
%% * so_specs  - Erlang list of tuples of the form {"priv/so_name.so", ["c_src/object_file_name.o"]} useful for
%%               building multiple *.so files.
%%
%% * port_envs - Erlang list of key/value pairs which will control the environment when
%%               running the compiler and linker. By default, the following variables
%%               are defined:
%%               CC       - C compiler
%%               CXX      - C++ compiler
%%               CFLAGS   - C compiler
%%               CXXFLAGS - C++ compiler
%%               LDFLAGS  - Link flags
%%               ERL_CFLAGS  - default -I paths for erts and ei
%%               ERL_LDFLAGS - default -L and -lerl_interface -lei
%%               DRV_CFLAGS  - flags that will be used for compiling the driver
%%               DRV_LDFLAGS - flags that will be used for linking the driver
%%
%%               Note that if you wish to extend (vs. replace) these variables, you MUST
%%               include a shell-style reference in your definition. E.g. to extend CFLAGS,
%%               do something like:
%%
%%               {port_envs, [{"CFLAGS", "$CFLAGS -MyOtherOptions"}]}
%%
%%               It is also possible to specify platform specific options by specifying a triplet
%%               where the first string is a regex that is checked against erlang's system architecture
%%               string. E.g. to specify a CFLAG that only applies to x86_64 on linux do:
%%
%%               {port_envs, [{"x86_64.*-linux", "CFLAGS", "$CFLAGS -X86Options"}]}
%%
%% * port_pre_script - Tuple which specifies a pre-compilation script to run, and a filename that
%%                     exists as a result of the script running.
%%
%% * port_cleanup_script - String that specifies a script to run during cleanup. Use this to remove
%%                         files/directories created by port_pre_script.
%%

compile(Config, AppFile) ->
    %% Compose list of sources from config file -- defaults to c_src/*.c
    Sources = expand_sources(rebar_config:get_list(Config, port_sources, ["c_src/*.c"]), []),
    case Sources of
        [] ->
            ok;
        _ ->
            %% Extract environment values from the config (if specified) and merge with the
            %% default for this operating system. This enables max flexibility for users.
            DefaultEnvs  = filter_envs(default_env(), []),
            OverrideEnvs = filter_envs(rebar_config:get_list(Config, port_envs, []), []),
            Env = expand_vars_loop(merge_each_var(DefaultEnvs ++ OverrideEnvs ++ os_env(), [])),

            %% One or more files are available for building. Run the pre-compile hook, if
            %% necessary.
            ok = run_precompile_hook(Config, Env),

            %% Compile each of the sources
            {NewBins, ExistingBins} = compile_each(Sources, Config, Env, [], []),

            %% Construct the driver name and make sure priv/ exists
            SoSpecs = so_specs(Config, AppFile, NewBins ++ ExistingBins),
            ?INFO("Using specs ~p\n", [SoSpecs]),
            lists:foreach(fun({SoName,_}) -> ok = filelib:ensure_dir(SoName) end, SoSpecs),

            %% Only relink if necessary, given the SoName and list of new binaries
            lists:foreach(fun({SoName,Bins}) ->
                case needs_link(SoName, sets:to_list(sets:intersection([sets:from_list(Bins),sets:from_list(NewBins)]))) of
                  true ->
                    rebar_utils:sh(?FMT("$CC ~s $LDFLAGS $DRV_LDFLAGS -o ~s",
                                        [string:join(Bins, " "), SoName]),
                                   [{env, Env}]);
                  false ->
                    ?INFO("Skipping relink of ~s\n", [SoName]),
                    ok
                end
              end, SoSpecs)
    end.

clean(Config, AppFile) ->
    %% Build a list of sources so as to derive all the bins we generated
    Sources = expand_sources(rebar_config:get_list(Config, port_sources, ["c_src/*.c"]), []),
    rebar_file_utils:delete_each([source_to_bin(S) || S <- Sources]),

    %% Delete the .so file
    ExtractSoName = fun({SoName, _}) -> SoName end,
    rebar_file_utils:delete_each([ExtractSoName(S)
                                  || S <- so_specs(Config, AppFile,
                                                   expand_objects(Sources))]),

    %% Run the cleanup script, if it exists
    run_cleanup_hook(Config).




%% ===================================================================
%% Internal functions
%% ===================================================================

expand_sources([], Acc) ->
    Acc;
expand_sources([{ArchRegex, Spec} | Rest], Acc) ->
    case rebar_utils:is_arch(ArchRegex) of
        true ->
            Acc2 = filelib:wildcard(Spec) ++ Acc,
            expand_sources(Rest, Acc2);
        false ->
            expand_sources(Rest, Acc)
    end;
expand_sources([Spec | Rest], Acc) ->
    Acc2 = filelib:wildcard(Spec) ++ Acc,
    expand_sources(Rest, Acc2).
    
expand_objects(Sources) ->
    [filename:join([filename:dirname(F), filename:basename(F) ++ ".o"])
     || F <- Sources].

run_precompile_hook(Config, Env) ->
    case rebar_config:get(Config, port_pre_script, undefined) of
        undefined ->
            ok;
        {Script, BypassFileName} ->
            case filelib:is_regular(BypassFileName) of
                false ->
                    ?CONSOLE("Running ~s\n", [Script]),
                    {ok, _} = rebar_utils:sh(Script, [{env, Env}]),
                    ok;
                true ->
                    ?INFO("~s exists; not running ~s\n", [BypassFileName, Script])
            end
    end.

run_cleanup_hook(Config) ->
    case rebar_config:get(Config, port_cleanup_script, undefined) of
        undefined ->
            ok;
        Script ->
            ?CONSOLE("Running ~s\n", [Script]),
            {ok, _} = rebar_utils:sh(Script, []),
            ok
    end.


compile_each([], _Config, _Env, NewBins, ExistingBins) ->
    {lists:reverse(NewBins), lists:reverse(ExistingBins)};
compile_each([Source | Rest], Config, Env, NewBins, ExistingBins) ->
    Ext = filename:extension(Source),
    Bin = filename:rootname(Source, Ext) ++ ".o",
    case needs_compile(Source, Bin) of
        true ->
            ?CONSOLE("Compiling ~s\n", [Source]),
            case compiler(Ext) of
                "$CC" ->
                    rebar_utils:sh(?FMT("$CC -c $CFLAGS $DRV_CFLAGS ~s -o ~s",
                                        [Source, Bin]), [{env, Env}]);
                "$CXX" ->
                    rebar_utils:sh(
                      ?FMT("$CXX -c $CXXFLAGS $DRV_CFLAGS ~s -o ~s",
                           [Source, Bin]), [{env, Env}])
            end,
            compile_each(Rest, Config, Env, [Bin | NewBins], ExistingBins);

        false ->
            ?INFO("Skipping ~s\n", [Source]),
            compile_each(Rest, Config, Env, NewBins, [Bin | ExistingBins])
    end.



needs_compile(Source, Bin) ->
    %% TODO: Generate depends using gcc -MM so we can also check for include changes
    filelib:last_modified(Bin) < filelib:last_modified(Source).

needs_link(SoName, []) ->
    filelib:last_modified(SoName) == 0;
needs_link(SoName, NewBins) ->
    MaxLastMod = lists:max([filelib:last_modified(B) || B <- NewBins]),
    case filelib:last_modified(SoName) of
        0 ->
            ?DEBUG("Last mod is 0 on ~s\n", [SoName]),
            true;
        Other ->
            ?DEBUG("Checking ~p >= ~p", [MaxLastMod, Other]),
            MaxLastMod >= Other
    end.


%%
%% Choose a compiler variable, based on a provided extension
%%
compiler(".cc")  -> "$CXX";
compiler(".cp")  -> "$CXX";
compiler(".cxx") -> "$CXX";
compiler(".cpp") -> "$CXX";
compiler(".CPP") -> "$CXX";
compiler(".c++") -> "$CXX";
compiler(".C")   -> "$CXX";
compiler(_)      -> "$CC".


%%
%% Given a list of {Key, Value} environment variables, where Key may be defined
%% multiple times, walk the list and expand each self-reference so that we
%% end with a list of each variable singly-defined.
%%
merge_each_var([], Vars) ->
    Vars;
merge_each_var([{Key, Value} | Rest], Vars) ->
    case orddict:find(Key, Vars) of
        error ->
            %% Nothing yet defined for this key/value. Expand any self-references
            %% as blank.
            Evalue = expand_env_variable(Value, Key, "");
        {ok, Value0} ->
            %% Use previous definition in expansion
            Evalue = expand_env_variable(Value, Key, Value0)
    end,
    merge_each_var(Rest, orddict:store(Key, Evalue, Vars)).

%%
%% Give a unique list of {Key, Value} environment variables, expand each one
%% for every other key until no further expansions are possible.
%%
expand_vars_loop(Vars) ->
    expand_vars_loop(Vars, 10).

expand_vars_loop(_, 0) ->
    ?ABORT("Max. expansion reached for ENV vars!\n", []);
expand_vars_loop(Vars0, Count) ->
    Vars = lists:foldl(fun({Key, Value}, Acc) ->
                               expand_vars(Key, Value, Acc)
                       end,
                       Vars0, Vars0),
    case orddict:from_list(Vars) of
        Vars0 ->
            Vars0;
        _ ->
            expand_vars_loop(Vars, Count-1)
    end.

%%
%% Expand all OTHER references to a given K/V pair
%%
expand_vars(Key, Value, Vars) ->
    lists:foldl(fun({AKey, AValue}, Acc) ->
                        case AKey of
                            Key ->
                                NewValue = AValue;
                            _ ->
                                NewValue = expand_env_variable(AValue, Key, Value)
                        end,
                        [{AKey, NewValue} | Acc]
                end,
                [], Vars).


%%
%% Given env. variable FOO we want to expand all references to
%% it in InStr. References can have two forms: $FOO and ${FOO}
%%
expand_env_variable(InStr, VarName, VarValue) ->
    R1 = re:replace(InStr, "\\\$" ++ VarName, VarValue),
    re:replace(R1, "\\\${" ++ VarName ++ "}", VarValue, [{return, list}]).


%%
%% Filter a list of env vars such that only those which match the provided
%% architecture regex (or do not have a regex) are returned.
%%
filter_envs([], Acc) ->
    lists:reverse(Acc);
filter_envs([{ArchRegex, Key, Value} | Rest], Acc) ->
    case rebar_utils:is_arch(ArchRegex) of
        true ->
            filter_envs(Rest, [{Key, Value} | Acc]);
        false ->
            filter_envs(Rest, Acc)
    end;
filter_envs([{Key, Value} | Rest], Acc) ->
    filter_envs(Rest, [{Key, Value} | Acc]).


erts_dir() ->
    lists:concat([code:root_dir(), "/erts-", erlang:system_info(version)]).

os_env() ->
    Os = [list_to_tuple(re:split(S, "=", [{return, list}, {parts, 2}])) || S <- os:getenv()],
    lists:keydelete([],1,Os). %% Remove Windows current disk and path

default_env() ->
    [
     {"CC", "cc"},
     {"CXX", "c++"},
     {"ERL_CFLAGS", lists:concat([" -I", code:lib_dir(erl_interface, include),
                                  " -I", filename:join(erts_dir(), "include"),
                                  " "])},
     {"ERL_LDFLAGS", lists:concat([" -L", code:lib_dir(erl_interface, lib),
                                   " -lerl_interface -lei"])},
     {"DRV_CFLAGS", "-g -Wall -fPIC $ERL_CFLAGS"},
     {"DRV_LDFLAGS", "-shared $ERL_LDFLAGS"},
     {"darwin", "DRV_LDFLAGS", "-bundle -flat_namespace -undefined suppress $ERL_LDFLAGS"},
     {"ERLANG_ARCH", integer_to_list(8 * erlang:system_info(wordsize))},
     {"ERLANG_TARGET", rebar_utils:get_arch()},

     {"solaris.*-64$", "CFLAGS", "-D_REENTRANT -m64"}, % Solaris specific flags
     {"solaris.*-64$", "CXXFLAGS", "-D_REENTRANT -m64"},
     {"solaris.*-64$", "LDFLAGS", "-m64"},

     {"darwin9.*-64$", "CFLAGS", "-m64"}, % OS X Leopard flags for 64-bit
     {"darwin9.*-64$", "CXXFLAGS", "-m64"},
     {"darwin9.*-64$", "LDFLAGS", "-arch x86_64"},

     {"darwin10.*-32", "CFLAGS", "-m32"}, % OS X Snow Leopard flags for 32-bit
     {"darwin10.*-32", "CXXFLAGS", "-m32"},
     {"darwin10.*-32", "LDFLAGS", "-arch i386"}
    ].



source_to_bin(Source) ->
    Ext = filename:extension(Source),
    filename:rootname(Source, Ext) ++ ".o".

so_specs(Config, AppFile, Bins) ->
    Specs = make_so_specs(Config, AppFile, Bins),
    case os:type() of
        {win32, nt} ->
            [switch_so_to_dll(SoSpec) || SoSpec <- Specs];
        _ ->
            Specs
    end.

switch_so_to_dll(Orig = {Name, Spec}) ->
    case filename:extension(Name) of
        ".so" ->
            {filename:rootname(Name, ".so") ++ ".dll", Spec};
        _ ->
            %% Not a .so; leave it
            Orig
    end.

make_so_specs(Config, AppFile, Bins) ->
    case rebar_config:get(Config, so_specs, undefined) of
        undefined ->
            %% New form of so_specs is not provided. See if the old form of {so_name} is available
            %% instead
            Dir = "priv",
            SoName = case rebar_config:get(Config, so_name, undefined) of
                         undefined ->
                             %% Ok, neither old nor new form is available. Use the app name and
                             %% generate a sensible default.
                             AppName = rebar_app_utils:app_name(AppFile),
                             filename:join(Dir,
                                           lists:concat([AppName, "_drv.so"]));

                         AName ->
                             %% Old form is available -- use it
                             filename:join(Dir, AName)
                     end,
            [{SoName, Bins}];

        SoSpecs ->
            SoSpecs
    end.